Bosnia and Herzegovina faced many problems in relation to multi ethnicities. The country was in a catastrophic situation after the Bosnian war 1992-1995. The war ended when the main parties signed the Dayton Peace Agreement. This agreement had to lead to peace, democracy and reconciliation after the …

This thesis will briefly explain what the Alliance of Civilizations entails. It will also discuss its meaningfulness and whether the Alliance could or should have a strong influence on foreign relations, with the ultimate goal of achieving peace. The Alliance discusses several focus points on achieving …

In the Netherlands, there have been many discussions about whether or not to establish a European Defence Organisation. However, due to the political party D66 (Democrats '66), this discussion has been revived in 2006 to such an extent that it really had an impact on political agendas of the Dutch political …

After decades of terror and human degradation, the Arab-Israeli conflict became a central issue on the agenda of many international actors, such as the European Union, United States and a number of Arab countries. Achieving a lasting peace solution is the main goal international community is working …

The transition from the Organization for African Unity (OAU) to the African Union (AU) was a consequence of the changing peace and security agenda of the Pan-African organization. The African leaders desired a continental peace and security architecture, which would be capable of preventing, managing …

This thesis explores the subject of alumni relations with the aim of demonstrating how alumni relations can be of benefit to universities. It also goes into the difficulties that could present themselves with alumni relations both in the shorter and the longer term. This is supported by the testimony …

The collapse of the Soviet Union meant the removal of the main adversary of NATO, and many believed that NATO had become obsolete given its original purpose of countering the Soviet communist threat. The end of the Cold War caused a debate about the future role and the necessity of the Alliance. It soon …

This article analyzes negative externalities that policymakers in one region or group may impose upon the citizens of neighboring regions or groups. These externalities may be material, but they may also be psychological (in the form of envy). The latter form of externality may arise from the production …

The research question of this study is 'To what extent shows the response of the UN Security Council to the conflict in Darfur a shift from the norm of Westphalian sovereignty towards the norm of 'sovereignty as responsibility'? Three periods are analyzed: the initial reaction of the Security Council …