Around 60% of drinking water in the Netherlands is from groundwater, often containing high concentrations of dissolved iron. This is generally removed by aeration, which is an important process in both drinking- and waste water treatment. The known disadvantages are high energy consumption relative to …

It is widely understood that biofouling is an obstacle to water treatment processes, therefore, tailored cleaning strategies are needed to increase removal efficiency. This research inquired into the swelling behaviour at the equilibrium states of target biofilm models made from alginate -like exopolymers …