In summary, state aid exists of government measures that provide a financial benefit to one or more undertakings or a certain industry, with the potential to distort competition or affect trade between MSs within the EU. The rules for state aid are laid down in Art. 107, 108 and 109 TFEU and the different …

This research report describes which legal instruments play a role in cases concerning international child abduction with a focus on, the most important legal text, the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, hereinafter the Hague Convention or HCCA. The purpose of this …