Introduction Nowadays, humans are used to sit a lot during daily activities. Most of the time this happens in a relaxed way. This position is also called ´slouching´ or ´slouched posture´. In the slouched posture the pelvis and the lumbar spine are flexed and places the muscle spindles, muscles and ligaments …

We study the relation between formal incentives and social exchange in organizations where employees work for several managers and reciprocate a manager’s attention with higher effort. To this end we develop a common agency model with two-sided moral hazard. We show that when management attention is …