The CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) model decomposes a three-way array into a prespecified number of R factors and a residual array by minimizing the sum of squares of the latter. It is well known that an optimal solution for CP need not exist. We show that if an optimal CP solution does not exist, then any sequence …

This dissertation examines the competiveness of the fair trade tea value chain through a comparative study of the conventional and fair trade tea value chains in Kabarole district, Uganda. By examining this economically important subject, it clarifies the process by which value chains compete for smallholder …

A new computer software program to score video observations, Video Observations Aarts and Aarts (VOAA) was developed to evaluate paediatric occupational therapy interventions. The VOAA is an observation tool that assesses the frequency, duration and quality of arm/hand use in children, in particular …

Several models in data analysis are estimated by minimizing the objective function defined as the residual sum of squares between the model and the data. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a least squares estimator is that the objective function attains its infimum at a unique …

The assumptions of the model for factor analysis do not exclude a class of indeterminate covariances between factors and error variables (Grayson, 2003). The construction of all factors of the model for factor analysis is generalized to incorporate indeterminate factor-error covariances. A necessary …

If the ratio m/p tends to zero, where m is the number of factors m and p the number of observable variables, then the inverse diagonal element of the inverted observable covariance matrix (σ pjj) -1 tends to the corresponding unique variance ψ jj for almost all of these (Guttman, 1956). If the smallest …

The main question that leads the focus in this study is: What is the contribution of the school environment to the resilience of middle-adolescent students? Before going into the background and rationale of this study I will specify the terms used in this research question: - Contribution: In this study …

Sufficient conditions for mean square convergence of factor predictors in common factor analysis are given by Guttman, by Williams, and by Schneeweiss and Mathes. These conditions do not hold for confirmatory factor analysis or when an error variance equals zero (Heywood cases). Two sufficient conditions …

A construction method is given for all factors that satisfy the assumptions of the model for factor analysis, including partially determined factors where certain error variances are zero. Various criteria for the seriousness of indeterminacy are related. It is shown that B. F. Green's (1976) conjecture …

Mycotoxins are small (MW approximately 700), toxic chemical products formed as secondary metabolites by a few fungal species that readily colonise crops and contaminate them with toxins in the field or after harvest. Ochratoxins and Aflatoxins are mycotoxins of major significance and hence there has …