Conventional centralised sewerage systems are increasingly challenged by climate change, population growth and sustainability goals. Decentralised wastewater treatment systems (DWTS) offer an alternative by reducing hydraulic loads, enabling local reuse and supporting resource recovery. This study analyses …

Urbanisation and climate change increase the need for quantitative insight into the contribution of nature-based solutions (NbS) to climate adaptation. While NbS are widely implemented at local scales, their aggregated contribution to regional and national adaptation ambitions remains largely unknown. …