orecasting the thermal behavior of ?exible heating assets is essential for real-time energy management in heating systems. While thermal dynamics are complex, the optimization algorithms within EMS require low-order models with minimal computational load to make rapid, real-time decisions. To bridge …

Forecasting the thermal behavior of flexible heating assets is essential for real-time energy management in heating systems. While thermal dynamics are complex, the optimization algorithms within energy management systems (EMS) require low-order models with minimal computational load to make rapid, real-time …